Solar power is getting really popular in America. Since 2008, tons of people have put solar panels on their roofs. In some places, like Austin, Texas, the average solar system can even right home solar system power a whole house!
Picking the best solar system for your home can be tricky. But this guide makes it easy! You’ll learn how to use solar to power your home and what to look for when choosing a system.
Key Takeaways
- The solar industry has seen rapid growth, with hundreds of thousands of panels installed since 2008.
- The average solar system size is 7.15 kilowatts DC, enough to power a home in Austin, Texas.
- The Solar Investment Tax Credit (ITC) offers a 26% tax credit for systems installed in 2020-2022, and 22% in 2023.
- Enphase micro inverters are a popular choice for residential solar installations due to their efficiency, pricing, and ease of installation.
- DIY solar panel kits can potentially save homeowners thousands of dollars compared to professional installation.
Wondering how to find the best solar panels for your house? These steps will guide you through the process.
Step 1: Assess Your Energy Needs
To go solar, it helps to understand how much electricity you use in your home. Take a look at your old electricity bills to get an idea of your typical usage. This will help you figure out what size solar system you need.
Calculate Your Current Consumption
You can usually find your average monthly electricity use in kilowatt-hours (kWh) on your bill. Most solar systems are designed to cover around 80% to 120% of your yearly electricity needs.
It’s also important to think about the future. Will you be using more electricity down the road? Maybe you’re thinking about getting an electric car or adding on to your house.
These things will increase how much power you need, so make sure you factor that in when choosing a solar system. You want to make sure it can handle your needs for many years to come!
When Do You Use the Most Electricity?
Most people use the most electricity in the mornings and evenings. Think about it: you’re probably getting ready for work or school in the morning, and then cooking dinner and relaxing in the evening. That’s when you’re using lights, appliances, and maybe even your heating or air conditioning.
Why is this important for solar?
Knowing when you use the most electricity can help you position your solar panels to get the most sunlight during those times. This way, you can generate more of your own power when you need it most!
Step 2: Evaluate Your Roof Suitability
Your roof is really important when it comes to solar panels. Here’s what you need to know:
Sunlight and Slope
The best roofs for solar panels face south and have a slope that’s not too flat or too steep (somewhere between 15 and 40 degrees). This helps them soak up as much sunlight as possible. But don’t worry, you can still use solar panels even if your roof faces a different direction or has a different slope. You might just not get quite as much power from them.
Use Online Tools
Want to know if your roof is a good fit for solar? There are online tools that can help! These tools look at things like the shape and size of your roof, how old it is, and whether there are any trees or buildings blocking the sunlight. They can give you a good idea of how well solar panels would work on your roof.
To help you see if your roof is a good fit, take a look at this table:
| Roof Characteristic | Ideal Conditions | Potential Challenges |
|---|---|---|
| Orientation | South-facing | East or west-facing roofs may reduce efficiency |
| Slope | 15 to 40 degrees | Flat roofs may require additional support |
| Roof Age | Newer roofs or those with at least 5-10 years of life remaining | Older roofs may require replacement before solar installation |
| Shading | Minimal shading from trees or nearby structures | Significant shading can reduce solar panel efficiency |
This table shows the ideal conditions for a solar roof, but don’t worry if your roof isn’t perfect! You can still use solar panels, they just might not produce as much power. And if your roof really isn’t suitable, you might have other options, like community solar programs. These programs let you benefit from solar energy even without installing panels on your own roof.
Step 3: Learn About Home Solar System Components
Now that you have a good idea of your energy needs and whether your roof is suitable, let’s take a closer look at the key parts of a home solar system.
Solar Panel Types and Efficiency
Solar panels are like the heart of your system. They’re what capture sunlight and turn it into electricity. There are a few different types of solar panels, and some are better at making electricity than others.
- Monocrystalline panels are the most popular. They’re really good at making electricity (around 15% to 22% efficient), but they can be a bit more expensive.
- Polycrystalline panels are a little less efficient (around 13% to 16%), but they’re usually more affordable.
The best type of panel for you will depend on things like how much space you have on your roof and your budget. But don’t worry, both types can do a great job of powering your home with clean energy!
Mounting Systems and Hardware
You’ll also need a way to attach those panels to your roof. Most people use something called a “fixed-mount system.” This basically means the panels are attached to your roof at a specific angle to get the most sunlight.
System Monitoring Equipment
To make sure your solar system is running smoothly and you’re getting the most out of it, you’ll have some helpful monitoring equipment. Here’s a bit more about what each piece does:
- Inverters: Think of inverters as translators. Your solar panels create something called “direct current” (DC) electricity, but your home appliances use “alternating current” (AC) electricity. The inverter’s job is to convert the DC electricity from your panels into AC electricity that your home can use.
- Disconnect Switches: Safety first! Disconnect switches let you turn off the flow of electricity from your solar panels. This is important for maintenance or in case of an emergency. It’s like a big “on/off” switch for your solar system.
- Batteries (Optional): Want to store some sunshine for later? Batteries let you save extra electricity that your solar panels generate during the day. Then, you can use that stored power at night or when the sun isn’t shining. Batteries are a great way to become more energy-independent!
This monitoring equipment helps make sure your solar system is working properly and that you’re getting the most out of your investment.
Step 4: Pick the Right Solar Inverter
Solar panels make electricity, but it’s not the kind your house can use directly. That’s where inverters come in! They act like translators, changing the electricity from your panels into the kind your lights and appliances need.
Assess Your Energy Needs
Before picking a solar inverter, evaluate your energy requirements. Check your daily electricity use and peak usage hours. Consider any future changes in your household’s energy needs.
There are a few different types of inverters:
- String Inverters: These are the most common type. They’re usually the most affordable option, but they might not be the best if some of your panels are shaded.
- Microinverters: These are a bit more expensive, but they work really well even if some of your panels aren’t getting full sun.
- Power Optimizers: These are kind of a mix between string inverters and microinverters. They offer a good balance of cost and performance.
Inverter warranties vary from 5 to 25 years. This range offers homeowners peace of mind about their investment.
To help you compare the different types of inverters, check out this table:
| Inverter Type | Efficiency | Cost | Monitoring |
|---|---|---|---|
| String Inverters | High in unshaded conditions | Lowest | System-level |
| Microinverters | Highest, even in shaded conditions | Highest | Panel-level |
| Power Optimizers | Higher than string inverters | Middle ground | Panel-level |
How to Choose the Right Inverter
Before you pick an inverter, think about how much electricity you use. Look at your daily and monthly electricity bills to see how much power you need. Also, consider whether you’ll be using more electricity in the future (like if you get an electric car or add on to your house). This will help you choose an inverter that’s the right size and can handle your power needs.
Step 5: Explore Battery Storage Solutions
Want to have power even when the sun isn’t shining? That’s where batteries come in! They can store extra electricity from your solar panels so you can use it later, like at night or during a power outage.
Battery Types and Capacities
There are a few different types of batteries you can use with your solar system:
- Lithium-ion batteries: These are the most popular type. They’re efficient and last a long time, but they can be a bit pricey.
- Lead-acid batteries: These are less expensive, but they don’t last as long as lithium-ion batteries.
How Much Battery Power Do You Need?
When you’re choosing a battery, think about how much power you’ll need to keep your essential appliances running during an outage. Do you want to be able to run your refrigerator, lights, and maybe even your TV? Make sure the battery you choose has enough capacity to meet your needs.
Here are a few popular battery options:
- Bluetti EP900: This one has a high power output (9 kWh), so it can run a lot of appliances at once.
- Tesla Powerwall 3: This battery has a large capacity (13.5 kWh), so it can store a lot of energy.
- Enphase IQ Battery 5P: This is a good option if you don’t have a lot of space (5 kWh).
Grid Integration Options
Your solar battery can also work with the electricity grid. This means you can sometimes sell extra power back to the electric company! But the rules for this can be different depending on where you live.
For example, some places have something called “net metering.” This means the electric company will give you credit for the extra power you send back to the grid. You can use that credit to lower your electricity bill later on. But other places might have different rules, so it’s important to check with your local electric company.
Choosing the Right Battery
Picking the right battery depends on a few things:
- Your energy needs: How much power do you need to store?
- Your budget: How much are you willing to spend?
- Your local electric company’s rules: Can you sell extra power back to the grid?
It’s a good idea to talk to a solar expert to help you choose the best battery for your home.
Step 6: Think About the Cost
Okay, let’s talk about money. Getting solar panels is a big investment, but it can save you a lot of money in the long run. Plus, it’s great for the environment!
How Much Does it Cost?
In the U.S., getting a solar system for your home usually costs somewhere between $10,000 and $18,000. The exact price depends on things like how big your system is and what kind of equipment you choose.
But here’s the good news: there are ways to make it more affordable!
- Tax Credits: The government can give you money back on your taxes for getting solar panels.
- Rebates and Subsidies: Some states and electric companies offer programs that can help you pay for your solar system.
- Loans and Payment Plans: You can also get special loans or payment plans to help spread out the cost over time.
Most solar systems pay for themselves in about 6 to 12 years. This means that after that time, you’ll actually start saving money on your electricity bills! And since solar panels last for 20 to 30 years, you’ll be saving money for a long time.
Step 7: Find a Trustworthy Solar Installer
Finding a good solar installer is just as important as choosing the right equipment! They’re the ones who will put your system together and make sure it’s working properly.
What to Look For
- Experience: Make sure they have a lot of experience installing solar systems (at least a few years).
- Certifications: Look for installers who have been certified by organizations like the North American Board of Certified Energy Practitioners (NABCEP). This means they have the knowledge and skills to do the job right.
- Warranties: Ask about their warranties. A good warranty will cover things like your solar panels, inverter, and the installation itself for many years.
- Customer Reviews: See what other people are saying about the installer. You can check online reviews or ask the installer for references from past customers.
Why This Matters
Choosing a qualified and trustworthy installer can save you a lot of headaches down the road. It can also help make sure your solar system is installed correctly and works well for many years to come.
Making the Switch to Solar
Whew, that was a lot of information! But hopefully, you now have a much better understanding of how to choose the right solar system for your home. Remember, going solar is a big decision, but it can have huge benefits for both your wallet and the environment.
By following these steps and doing your research, you can find a system that meets your needs and helps you enjoy clean, affordable energy for years to come. Good luck on your solar journey!
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the current state of solar energy in the United States?
Solar energy’s popularity is rising due to increasing energy costs and environmental awareness. Since 2008, solar panel installations have skyrocketed across the United States. The cost of solar has decreased yearly since 2009, making it more affordable for homeowners.
What factors should I consider when choosing a home solar system?
Solar panels work in all climates, but several factors affect their performance. These include roof suitability, energy needs, and local incentives. Understanding your home’s energy use is vital when considering solar.
Check your electricity bills to calculate current usage and identify peak hours. Also, think about future energy needs like electric car charging or home additions.
How do I determine if my roof is suitable for solar panels?
Solar panels work best on south-facing roofs with a 15 to 40-degree slope. Consider your roof’s age, shape, size, and potential shading from trees. If your roof isn’t suitable, look into community solar options.
Use online mapping tools to check roof suitability. Get quotes from pre-screened solar providers for more information.
What are the main components of a home solar system?
Solar panels have photovoltaic cells that turn sunlight into electricity. Different panel types offer varying efficiency levels. Mounting systems attach panels to your roof, while monitoring equipment tracks performance.
Inverters change the direct current (DC) from solar panels into alternating current (AC) for home use.
What are the different types of solar inverters and how do they compare?
Solar inverter options include string inverters, microinverters, and power optimizers. Each type has pros and cons in efficiency, cost, and monitoring abilities. Choose the inverter that best fits your system size and roof layout.
How does battery storage work with a home solar system?
Battery storage lets you use solar energy at night or during power outages. Common types are lithium-ion and lead-acid batteries. Think about your backup power needs and whether you want to stay grid-connected.
Battery systems cost $12,000 to $22,000. They may be worth it in areas with frequent blackouts or limited net metering.
What are the financial considerations for a home solar system?
A 6 kilowatt (kW) solar system costs about $18,000 before incentives and can save $1,500 yearly. The federal solar tax credit offers a 30% deduction on installation costs. Financing options include cash, loans, leases, and power purchase agreements.
The average payback period for solar panels is 6 to 12 years. This depends on local electricity rates and available incentives.
How do I choose a qualified solar installation company?
Pick a professional with North American Board of Certified Energy Practitioners (NABCEP) certification. Read warranty and service agreements carefully. Check customer reviews and references. Be cautious of pushy sales tactics and understand your financing options.
Report any suspicious behavior to the Federal Trade Commission or Consumer Financial Protection Bureau.
References
Homeowner’s Guide to Going Solar
Your Guide To Home Solar In 2024
